Cement and Its Properties

CEMENT

Cement is a binding material mixed with water and aggregate to form concrete or mortar.The mixture of cement and water is called Cement paste..The mixture of cement,water and fine aggregate is called mortar.The mixture of cement,water,fine and coarse aggregate is called Concrete or the mortar fill the voids in the presence of coarse aggregate is called Concrete.

Testing of Cement :- OPC & PPC

1. Field test
2. Laboratory test

1. Field test:-

• Take a look at cement paste, there should not be visible lump.
• Colour of cement should normally be greenish grey.
• It should give a cool feeling,when we put hand into the cement bag.
• Take a pinch of cement bag, it should give a smooth feeling.
• feel not oily when touched.
• Take a handful of cement and throw it on a bucket of full of water, the particle should float for some times before they sink.

2.Laboratory test:- Test of OPC: 33,43 and 53 grade 

Ordinary Portland Cement- As per BIS 

• Ordinary Portland Cement, 33 Grade- IS 269:2013
• Ordinary Portland Cement, 43 Grade IS 8112:2013
• Ordinary Portland Cement, 53 Grade- Specification, IS 12269:2013

•         Ordinary Portland Cement, 43 Grade IS 8112:2013

CHEMICAL / PHYSICAL		SPECIFICATION	REQUIREMENT AS PER
REQUIREMENTS		CLAUSE No.	IS No. 8112 – 2013
			AMENDMENT No. 6
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS :		5
(Test Method IS : 4032 -1985)
(i)  Ratio of Percentage of Lime to		5.1	Not Greater than 1.02
percentage of silica, alumina and iron oxide			And not less than 0.66
CaO – 0.7SO3
---------------------------------------------------
2.8 SiO2 + 1.2 Al2O3 + 0.65 Fe2O3
(ii)  Ratio of percentage of alumina to that		5.1	Not less than 0.66
of iron oxide
(iii)  Insoluble residue, percent by mass		5.1	Not more than 4.0
(iv)  Magnesia, percent by mass		5.1	Not more than 6.0
v)  Total sulphur calculated as Sulphuric		5.1	Not more than 3.5
Anhydride (SO3), Percent by mass
Total loss on ignition		5.1	Not more than 5%
Chloride, percent by mass		5.1	Not more than 0.1
PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTS :		6
( Test Method IS :4031-1988
FINENESS :	SP. SURFACE	6.1	Not less than 225 m2/kg
SOUNDNESS :		6.2
a) Le-chatelier method			Not more than 10 mm
Expansion
b) Auto clave test expansion			Not more than 0.8%
SETTING TIME		6.3
a) Initial Setting time in Minutes			Not less than 30
b) Final Setting time in Minutes			Not more than 600
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH		6.4
72  ± 1 Hours	(3 Days)		Not less than 23 MPa
168 ± 2 Hours	(7 Days)		Not less than 33 MPa
672 ± 4 Hours (28 Days)			Not less than 43 MPa
		Note	*  Not more than 58 MPa

• IS 1489(Part 1):1991 Specification for Portland pozzolana cement Part 1 Flyash based

CHEMICAL/PHYSICAL	SPECIFICA	REQUIREMENT AS PER IS
REQUIREMENTS	TION	No.1489(PART – I):1991 AMENDMENT
	CLAUSE No.	No.3
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS:	6
(Test Method IS : 4032-1985)
(I). Loss of Ignition by mass, Max.	6.1	5.0
(II). Magnesia, Percent by mass Max.	6.1	6.0
(III). Sulphuric Anhydride (SO3),	6.1	3.0
percent by mass, Max.
(IV). Insoluble residue, percent by	6.1	x +	4(100-x)
mass,Max.		100
		(x= where x is the
(V). Declare % of Fly Ash #	5 & 9.1	declare % age of fly ash )
		Not less than 15 % and Not more than 35 %
(VI). Chloride, percent by mas #	9.2	Not more than 0.1 %
PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTS:	7
( Test Method IS : 4031 – 1988)
:	7.1	Not less than 300 m2/ kg
(I). Fineness: Specific surface
(II). Soundness :	7. 2
(a). Le-Chatelier Expansion Method		Not more than 10 mm
(b). Auto clave Expansion		Not more than 0.8 %
(III). Setting Time:	7. 3	30 minutes, Min.
(a) Initial Setting Time
(b) Final Setting Time		600 minutes, Max.
(IV). COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH	7.4
:
		16 MPa, Min.
72 +/- 1 Hours (3-Days)
168 +/-2 Hours (7-Days)		22 MPa, Min.
672+/-4 Hours(28-Days)		33 Mpa, Min.
(V). Drying Shrinkage	7.5	Not more than 0.15%

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